You can search the thread, there's a BOM as a google doc link with digikey part numbers. Personally, I haven't used it, but in doubt either pick those, or some part that's similar.
Definitely nothing 'needs' 150V ratings on this card, 12V is the maximum voltage used (and that's just to the 5v voltage regulator, afaik) - and adding some margin, everything above 25V should be fine there, too. Most components are on 5V anyways. But if you want to keep things simple (and it's not much of an extra price tag), 25 to 50V parts should fit the bill everywhere, I'd say.
I haven't looked at the schematic for a long time, but NC would mean you should be able to leave them out under normal circumstances (might have been for testing, or some unused feature / idea).
As for the values: 75 would be Ohms, 10k would mean kilo-Ohms. 😉